The nctNeurofeedback Clinic - Blog

Anxiety is a condition of nervous system regulation. While short-term anxiety can be helpful in alerting the body to potential threat, ongoing anxiety occurs when the brain remains in a heightened stress-response state long after the threat has passed. Over time, this can affect emotional stability, attention, sleep, physical health, and the ability to cope with everyday demands. Anxiety disorders are among the most common mental health conditions and can present in many form

Responsivity to Training: A Statistical Overview Neurofeedback training is a form of biofeedback produced on the basis of real time data from brain activity administered using electroencephalography (EEG). It gives both visual and auditory feedback depending on each protocol which is determined on the performance of the client. The aim of neurofeedback training is to induce ability of the brain to regulate itself leading to a balanced state of functioning. The protocols set f

Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is a disorder characterised by a pattern of disruptive and angry moods, especially towards authority figures, and difficulty managing these explosive moods (Hamilton & Armando, 2008; Mars et al., 2025) . This behaviour will usually appear in childhood, around the preschool years, and if not addressed, can become a stable issue throughout the rest of their education and into their adulthood (Hamilton & Armando, 2008). Additionally, there are

The treatment landscape for neurological and psychological conditions has evolved significantly in recent decades. While medication-based interventions have long dominated clinical practice, neurofeedback has emerged as a compelling, non-invasive alternative that aims to train the brain to regulate its activity. This article examines the comparative effectiveness of these approaches, with particular focus on their immediate outcomes and long-term sustainability. Recent clinic

Dyslexia is a learning disability with difficulty in recognition/reading and language processing abilities, often observed with symptoms occurring from childhood, which furthers persist in life. Children with dyslexia have learning difficulties in their academics with cognitive and behavioural challenges. It is often associated with disability in readings, but the neural attributes of differential brain activities can be observed before the individual acquires the skill. Lear

By Goretti Hurtado Barbeito Understanding Neurofeedback: A Tool for Enhancing Brain Function in Children Neurofeedback (NF) is a form of biofeedback that trains individuals to regulate their brain functions by monitoring brain waves and delivering feedback signals, typically in audio or video formats. When the brain exhibits desirable activity, positive feedback is given, while undesirable brain activity results in negative feedback (Marzbani et al., 2016). NF has gained trac

Traditional treatment options in drug-resistant epilepsy cases may include surgery or neurostimulation devices. However, a promising non-invasive approach is emerging: neurofeedback training Epilepsy is a chronic neurological condition characterised by recurrent seizures. These can be a one-time event, or happen repeatedly without a trigger. While the cause of epilepsy, as well as the localisation of the seizures ( Figure 1 ), may be undetermined, it is linked to abnormal bra

By Anna Jusek Neurofeedback training (NFT) has been popular in the sports arena with an array of athlete’s using it during or at the pinnacle of their career: • Andrea Dovizioso: World champion 2004 • Olivier Jean: Gold medal Olympics 2010 • Manuel Osborne – Paradis: 11 world cup podiums • Lucas Di Grassi – Formula E world champion • Ferrari driver academy • Chris Kaman – NBA player • Tobias Harris – Basketball player NBA • Italian football team before their 2006 world cup w

The connection between attention functions and memory performance Attention is a central component of cognitive ability. The ability to focus attention, encode and maintain information are among the brain’s most important cognitive functions. Since Working Memory and attention share common neural mechanisms (e.g., Gazzaley and Nobre, 2012) , enhancement of attention improves encoding, maintenance and retrieval of items held in WM for online usage (Karbach and Verhaeghen, 2014

Neurofeedback protocols train users to self-regulate specific neural activity through real-time feedback, rooted in operant conditioning where desired brain states are rewarded. These closed-loop systems comprise three core components: a neuroimaging modality like EEG, fMRI, MEG, or fNIRS; signal processing for artifact removal and feature extraction; and multimodal feedback (auditory, visual, vibrotactile) to guide learning. EEG/MEG excel in high temporal resolution for rapi

Living with CFS/ME can be difficult. Extreme tiredness and other physical symptoms can make it hard to carry out everyday activities. People suffering from it may have to make some major lifestyle changes. CFS/ME can also affect mental and emotional health and have a negative effect on self-esteem. Mainstream treatments that are offered for ME/CFS include medicine to control pain, nausea and sleeping problems, emotional/mental support (such as CBT), while structured exercise

While most research studies focus was put on which brain areas are becoming MORE active when we are performing a cognitive task or trying to focus, there are some areas that become LESS active during task and it is not less important that they do! The brain need to learn when to activate and deactivate the relevant areas so our cognitive processing will be the most efficient. What is the Default Mode Network (DMN)? The Default Mode Network (DMN) is one of them. The DMN is ve

Respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) way of breathing creates the right ratio of oxygen in the pre-frontal cortex in a way that we can measure doing HEG training and that can help the brain adjust to the requirements of the cognitive tasks we need to do. When an area in the brain is more active, it needs more Oxygen and nutrients, hence, more blood supply (this is called the BOLD response). So, more haemoglobin needs to carry more oxygen molecules to that area in the brain. Thi

Neurofeedback (NF): improving self-regulation of brain activity using a brain–computer interface. A promising aspect of neurofeedback is that it may rely on procedural learning, thereby potentially allowing lasting effects and thus longer clinical benefit after completion of neurofeedback treatment. Compared to non-active control treatments, NF appears to have more durable treatment effects. Studies investigating the effects of neurofeedback and control conditions directly af

The 10/20 system - brain areas and functions

For children, nighttime bedwetting (enuresis) is a common problem, often requiring intervention. Targeting neuronal activities of the brain through neurofeedback has shown promising results. There are different causes for bedwetting. We will explore the brain aspects of it, but in general many times the person in in a state of very deep sleep, sometimes too deep for the brain to wake them up when the bladder is full. Other reasons include food sensitivity or bladder issues (